Regiae Madritensis,amplissimae facies anerior/Prospect des Eingangs von dem Königlichen Palast zu Madrid/Vista de la entrada Palazio del Rey….Madrid

Title

Regiae Madritensis,amplissimae facies anerior/Prospect des Eingangs von dem Königlichen Palast zu Madrid/Vista de la entrada Palazio del Rey….Madrid

Description

Representation of the royal palyce in Madrid

ca. 1750

Artist

Hertel (1700-1775)

Johann Georg Hertel (born 20 September 1700 in Augsburg; died 7 July 1775 Ebenda) was a German engraver and publisher.

Historical Description

The first evidence for the name Madrid comes from Arabic sources. As Arabic etymon the word -madschra- is taken as a basis, which can mean channel, water conduit or river bed. The Latin etymon is assumed to be -matricem-, which is translated here as 'source (of a stream)'. After 854, under the emir Muhammad (852 to 886), a Moorish castle (alcázar) was built on the site of today's Madrid Royal Palace. In 1561, Philip II moved the royal court from Valladolid to Madrid, beginning the city's rise. The part of Madrid built under the Spanish Habsburgs is still called "El Madrid de los Austrias" (The Madrid of the Habsburgs). In 1701, the War of the Spanish Succession broke out, leading to the Anglo-Portuguese occupation of the city in 1706. It ended in 1714 when the Bourbons took over the Spanish throne. Under their rule, the present Royal Palace was built. From 1808 to 1813, Madrid was occupied by the French, with Napoleon's brother Joseph Bonaparte appointed king. The occupiers had monasteries and entire neighborhoods razed to make new space. From 1833 to 1876, the three Carlist Wars were fought. During this time, a cholera epidemic also ravaged Madrid. In 1873 the first republic was proclaimed by the liberal politician and writer Emilio Castelar.