Kopf des Nashorn von Sumatra/ Schedel des afrikanischen Nshorn/ des asiatischen Nashorn

Title

Kopf des Nashorn von Sumatra/ Schedel des afrikanischen Nshorn/ des asiatischen Nashorn

Description

Presentation of different rhinoceros heads from different Continents

ca. 1840

Artist

Brodtmann (1787-1862)

Karl Joseph-Ioseph Brodtmann was an accomplished Swiss artist and lithographer, as well as a printmaker, publisher and bookseller who worked in Zurich and Schaffhausen. Brodtmann's natural history lithographs include Heinrich Rudolf Schinz's works on reptiles and birds, published in the early 1830s. Brodtmann also produced natural history lithographs, as Naturhistorische Bilder Gallerie aus dem Thierreiche.

Historical Description

Rhinoceroses are a family of odd-toed ungulates with five species still living today. Rhinos today live in Africa south of the Sahara and in South and Southeast Asia, both in savannah landscapes and in tropical rainforests in highlands and lowlands. However, the original distribution was much wider. The phylogenetically oldest species can be traced back to the Middle Eocene, around 50 million years ago, in Eurasia and North America. At the end of the last ice age, the rhinoceroses disappeared from northern Asia and Europe. In the course of their phylogenetic history, the various rhinoceros species occupied almost all ecological niches accessible to large, terrestrial mammals. Rhinos often live as solitary animals, but in savannahs they can also occur in small, matriarchally organized herds. Bulls are usually solitary and territorial. The individual animals live in narrowly defined territories. All rhinos feed exclusively on plant foods and are adapted to this diet with broad molars. However, the species have specialized in different plant foods. Four of the five rhino species living today prefer soft plant foods such as leaves, branches, twigs, buds and fruit.