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Title

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Description

Decorative view of the monastery of Qannoubine (auch: Kanobin, Kannobin, Kanubin, Qannubin) in Lebanon. It is located in the north east at the mountain Al- Makmal, one of the oldes maronite monastery. The Maronite Church is an Eastern Catholic sui iuris particular church in full communion with the Pope and the worldwide Catholic Church, with self-governance under the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches. It is headed by Patriarch Bechara Boutros al-Rahi since 2011. Officially known as the Syriac Maronite Church of Antioch, it is part of Syriac Christianity by liturgy and heritage.

ca. 1870

Artist

Anonymus

Historical Description

In ancient times, great empires including Lebanon such as Egypt and Assyria and the largely independent Phoenician city-states Byblos, Tire and Sidon played an important role in the Mediterranean region. Lebanon was the home of the Canaanites / Phoenicians and their kingdoms. They formed a maritime culture that flourished for over a thousand years. The Phoenicians' trading colonies took a dominant position in the western and southern Mediterranean as the Carthaginian Empire under the leadership of Carthage until the rise of the Roman Empire. Phoenician sea traders brokered in the 8th century BC The alphabet was used as a Phoenician script in archaic Greece, where it became the basis of the Greek alphabet, from which the Latin and Cyrillic also emerged, and the name "Europe" probably goes back to the Phoenician word conquered (west / sunset). The Persian Empire was smashed by the Macedonian Alexander the Great. Lebanon became part of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire. After the Roman Empire in the 1st century BC After conquering the Middle East, the area belonged to the Roman province of Syria, which was one of the richest provinces in Rome due to the emerging coastal cities. After the division of the Roman Empire in 395 AD, today's Lebanon was part of the Eastern Roman-Byzantine Empire and was administered from Constantinople (Byzantium) and developed into a center of Christianity. Between 634 and 640 AD, Lebanon was conquered in the course of Islamic expansion. From 1098 onwards, the Christian crusaders began to train who wanted to free the "Holy Land" (Palestine) from the hands of the "infidels". After the conquest of Jerusalem in 1099, the south of Lebanon belonged to the Christian kingdom of Jerusalem, the north later to the county of Tripoli. In Lebanon, as in other Ottoman areas, governors were installed under whom the various religious communities were largely tolerated.