Nuova Carta del Cirolo di Westfalia diviso ne suoi Vescovadi, Principati, Contee,..

Title

Nuova Carta del Cirolo di Westfalia diviso ne suoi Vescovadi, Principati, Contee,..

Description

Map shows Lower Saxony, North Rhine-Westphalia and partly the Netherlands.

ca. 1740

Artist

Tirion (1705-1765)

Isaak Tirion (1705 1765) was a Dutch bookseller and publisher. He is known for his Hedendaagsche historie (Modern History) and his Vaderlandse Historie, both historical reference works illustrated with engravings by leading Amsterdam artists. Of particular interest today are his map works, such as the United Netherlands in twelve parts and "Tegenwoordige Staat van alle Volken" ("Present State of All Nations") in 45 parts. Some of his atlases were published after his death, such as the Atlas van Zeeland in 1760, which was published again and again until 1784.

Historical Description

The concept of Germany as a distinct region in central Europe can be traced to Roman commander Julius Caesar, who referred to the unconquered area east of the Rhine as Germania, thus distinguishing it from Gaul (France), which he had conquered. In the High Middle Ages, the regional dukes, princes and bishops gained power at the expense of the emperors. Martin Luther led the Protestant Reformationagainst the Catholic Church after 1517, as the northern states became Protestant, while the southern states remained Catholic. The two parts of the Holy Roman Empire clashed in the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648). 1648 marked the effective end of the Holy Roman Empire and the beginning of the modern nation-state system, with Germany divided into numerous independent states, such as Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony.