La ville Insulaie de Lindaw, enuironnée de toutz costez d´eaues du lac

Title

La ville Insulaie de Lindaw, enuironnée de toutz costez d´eaues du lac

Description

General view of Lindau on Lake Constance from the half-bird show with town coat of arms and index.

ca. 1550

Artist

Münster (1489-1552)

Sebastian Münsters (1489-1552) is one of the famous cosmographers of the Renaissance. Its real importance in the field of cartography is based on its famous cosmography, which he published in 1544 with 24 double-sided maps (including Moscow and Transylvania). The material for this came largely from research and the collection of information from around 1528, which he initially only wanted to use for a description of Germany, but was now sufficient for a map of the entire world and ultimately led to a cosmography. He constantly tried to improve this work, i.e. to replace or add to maps. In the edition of 1550, only 14 maps were taken over from the earlier editions. The 52 maps printed in the text were also only partially based on the old maps. The great success of this cosmography was also based on the precise work of the woodcuts mostly by Hans Holbein the Younger, Urs Graf, Hans Rudolph Deutsch and David Kandel. It was the first scientific and at the same time generally understandable description of the knowledge of the world in German, in which the basics of history and geography, astronomy and natural sciences, regional and folklore were summarized according to the state of knowledge at that time. Cosmography is the science of describing the earth and the universe. Until the late Middle Ages, geography, geology and astronomy were also part of it. The first edition of the Cosmographia took place in 1544 in German, printed in Heinrich Petri's office in Basel. Heinrich Petri was a son from the first marriage of Münster's wife to the Basel printer Adam Petri. Over half of all editions up to 1628 were also published in German. However, the work has also been published in Latin, French, Czech and Italian. The English editions all comprised only a part of the complete work. Viktor Hantzsch identified a total of 46 editions in 1898 (German 27; Latin 8; French 3; Italian 3; Czech 1) that appeared from 1544 to 1650, while Karl Heinz Burmeister only had 36 (German 21; Latin 5; French 6; Italian 3; Czech 1) that appeared between 1544 and 1628. The first edition from 1544 was followed by the second edition in 1545, the third in 1546, the fourth edition in 1548 and the fifth edition in 1550, each supplemented by new reports and details, text images, city views and maps and revised altogether. Little has been known about who - apart from the book printers Heinrich Petri and Sebastian Henricpetri - were responsible for the new editions after Münster's death. The 1628 edition was edited and expanded by the Basel theologian Wolfgang Meyer. With Cosmographia, Sebastian Münster has published for the first time a joint work by learned historians and artists, by publishers, wood cutters and engravers. The numerous vedute are usually made as woodcuts. Sebastian Münster obtained his knowledge from the travel reports and stories of various scholars, geographers, cartographers and sea travelers. Long after his death, "Kosmographie" was still a popular work with large editions: 27 German, 8 Latin, 3 French, 4 English and even 1 Czech editions appeared. The last edition appeared in Basel in 1650.

Historical Description

Early traces of settlement in the urban area were found on the ridges at the former Catholic cemetery in Aeschach, on the mainland opposite the island. Traces of Roman settlement were discovered here in 1878 and the foundations of a former villa suburbana were uncovered in 1888. Lindau was first mentioned as "Lindoua or" Lintoua "in 882 in a St. Gallen gift certificate: A Cunzo or Kunzo gave goods in Tettnang and Haslach" ad Lintouam ". The parish church of St. Stephan was built around 1180, and in 1224 Franciscans founded a monastery. In 1274/1275, King Rudolf I confirmed the city rights previously acquired. Lindau now appears as an imperial city. Under King Rudolf von Habsburg (reign 1273–1291), the noblewoman Guta von Triesen was elected abbess of the noble convent of Lindau and ruled it with great fame until 1340. From the 15th century to 1826, the so-called Milanese messenger, also known as the Lindau messenger, operated on the Viamala between Lindau and Milan. The citizens, who had become rich in grain and salt through trade and transport (their own Lake Constance fleet), could always use and enforce the rights of a free imperial city acquired in the 13th century. From 1500, Lindau was in the Swabian Empire. In the course of the Reformation, Lindau became Protestant in 1528, in the early years under the influence of the Constance reformer Ambrosius Blarer. It was only later that Luther turned to him, and in 1529 the city was one of the representatives of the Protestant minority at the Reichstag in Speyer. During the Thirty Years' War, Lindau was besieged by the Swedes in 1646/47. The Lindau, under the military leadership of Count Max Willibald von Waldburg-Wolfegg, destroyed parts of the siege machinery at night and in fog and fought off the Swedes. Due to the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803, Lindau lost its status as a free imperial city. The millennial Lindau women's pencil was secularized. Prince Karl August von Bretzenheim, who had received the city and the women's monastery, gave the imperial city of Lindau to Austria for a short time in 1804 on the basis of an exchange contract concluded in 1803. In the Peace of Bratislava, Austria ceded to Vorarlberg on 1805 and thus also Lindau to Bavaria. In 1806 it was incorporated into the newly proclaimed Kingdom of Bavaria.