La muy noble y muy leal ciudas de Cadiz

Title

La muy noble y muy leal ciudas de Cadiz

Description

Map shows the port city of Cádiz in Andalusia, Spain. Lower left a scrollwork cartouche with index.

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Artist

Braun/Hogenberg (1572-1618)

Frans Hogenberg (1535 – 1590) was a Flemish and German painter, engraver, and mapmaker. Hogenberg was born in Mechelen as the son of Nicolaas Hogenberg In 1568 he was banned from Antwerp by the Duke of Alva. He travelled to London, where he stayed a few years before emigrating to Cologne. He is known for portraits and topographical views as well as historical allegories. He also produced scenes of contemporary historical events. George Braun (1541-1622), a cleric of Cologne, was the principal editor of the "Civitates Orbis Terrarum". The first volume of the Civitates Orbis Terrarum was published in Cologne in 1572. The sixth and the final volume appeared in 1617. This great city atlas, edited by Georg Braun and largely engraved by Franz Hogenberg, eventually contained 546 prospects, bird-eye views and map views of cities from all over the world. Braun (1541-1622), a cleric of Cologne, was the principal editor of the work, and was greatly assisted in his project by the close, and continued interest of Abraham Ortelius, whose Theatrum Orbis Terrarum of 1570 was, as a systematic and comprehensive collection of maps of uniform style, the first true atlas.

Historical Description

According to legend, the city was founded by Heracles; the city coat of arms still refers to it today with the inscription "Hercules Fundator Gadium Dominatorque". Gadir became a thriving commercial center under the Phoenicians. With the expansion of Carthaginian rule in the west, Cadiz came to their empire and developed since about 500 BC. BC to the most important trade center of the Carthaginian Atlantic traffic. Cádiz was famous in antiquity for its sanctuary of Melkart / Herakles (on the Isla de Sancti Petri), which Hannibal is said to have visited before his famous journey across the Alps. With the fall of the Roman Empire, Cadiz also lost importance. After the discovery of America, Cadiz became important and flourishing as a major trading hub for Spain's overseas colonies and as a port for the Spanish silver fleet. Columbus also sailed from a small town in the Gulf of Cadiz called Puerto de Santa María on his second trip to the New World in 1493. Wealth made the city the target of barbarian pirates from Algeria, who raided several times in the 16th century but were repelled, and the target of enemy attacks by the English. The latter destroyed the Spanish fleet in port under Francis Drake in April 1587, which meant that the Armada was only able to set sail a year later. In July 1596 the English, under Charles Howard, the Earl of Essex and Walter Raleigh, looted and burned the city itself, cremated the Spanish fleet again and left with great loot. During the Anglo-Spanish War of 1625, the English failed to conquer the city. In the 18th century, the focus of trade in Spanish colonies in America shifted more and more from Seville to Cadiz because the latter city had the better port. Cadiz experienced a new heyday, which also did not stop the earthquake of 1755.