Goa fortissima Indiae urbs in Chris Fiariorum potestatem anno salutis 1509. Deuenit

Title

Goa fortissima Indiae urbs in Chris Fiariorum potestatem anno salutis 1509. Deuenit

Description

Total view of the city of Goa, now Velha-Goa at the river Mandovi, India.

ca. 1595

Artist

Braun/Hogenberg (1572-1618)

Frans Hogenberg (1535 – 1590) was a Flemish and German painter, engraver, and mapmaker. Hogenberg was born in Mechelen as the son of Nicolaas Hogenberg In 1568 he was banned from Antwerp by the Duke of Alva. He travelled to London, where he stayed a few years before emigrating to Cologne. He is known for portraits and topographical views as well as historical allegories. He also produced scenes of contemporary historical events. George Braun (1541-1622), a cleric of Cologne, was the principal editor of the "Civitates Orbis Terrarum". The first volume of the Civitates Orbis Terrarum was published in Cologne in 1572. The sixth and the final volume appeared in 1617. This great city atlas, edited by Georg Braun and largely engraved by Franz Hogenberg, eventually contained 546 prospects, bird-eye views and map views of cities from all over the world. Braun (1541-1622), a cleric of Cologne, was the principal editor of the work, and was greatly assisted in his project by the close, and continued interest of Abraham Ortelius, whose Theatrum Orbis Terrarum of 1570 was, as a systematic and comprehensive collection of maps of uniform style, the first true atlas.

Historical Description

Goa's attested history dates back to the 3rd century BC, when local rulers, including the Bhojas residing in Chandrapura in southern Goa, were subject to the Maurya Empire. By this time, it was also known to the Greeks. The Greek geographer Ptolemy described the coastal region of today's Goa in the 2nd century A.D. under the name Nelkinda. In 1498, the Portuguese under Vasco da Gama had landed for the first time on the Indian coast near Calicut. They quickly understood how to exploit the hostilities of the Indian regional empires in their favor. Afonso de Albuquerque formed an alliance with Vijayanagar against Bijapur. In 1510, with the support of Vijayanagar's fleet, he conquered the area around the present-day cities of Panaji and Velha Goa. From then on, Goa's fate was determined almost continuously by the Portuguese for about 450 years. n the 16th century, Portuguese merchant fleets coming from Lisbon arrived in Goa almost every year. In 1543, Portugal wrested the territories of Bardez in the north and Salcete further south on the coast from the Adil Shahi of Bijapur. It also gained bases on the Malabar coast, Malacca, Ceylon, and Macau. At the height of Portuguese power in the 16th century, Velha Goa became the thriving city known as Goa Dourada. The decline of Portugal as a colonial power began in 1580 with the extinction of the Avis royal house and the subsequent personal union with Spain (until 1640). The proclamation of the Republic in Portugal on October 5, 1910, resulted in religious freedom for Goa. For the first time since the beginning of European rule, Hindus were now allowed to practice their religion freely. Even though the first republic in Portugal remained unstable and was overthrown again in 1926, the call for freedom awoke in Goa and resistance to the colonial rulers began to stir, following the example of the freedom movement in British India.