Dem durchleuchttigen hochgebornen fursten und herren..

Title

Dem durchleuchttigen hochgebornen fursten und herren..

Description

Original painted Bavarian coat of arms with silver.The Bavarian coat of arms in its current form was introduced on June 5, 1950 with the "Law on the Coat of Arms of the Free State of Bavaria". The design was created in 1945 by Eduard Ege. Until the end of the monarchy in Bavaria in 1918, the coat of arms of Bavaria was that of the respective prince. The earliest surviving coats of arms of the Wittelsbacher, the rulers of Bavaria from 1180 to 1918, can be found on seals, which is why the colors have not been preserved. The first verifiable coat of arms in a seal comes from Otto I and is on a document from 1179. It shows an eagle looking to the left. This heraldic animal is also depicted on a seal from Otto's son Ludwig the Kelheimer in 1196, but with a view to the right. On the other seal of the same from 1220, however, a coat of arms with a serrated bar is shown. The origin of these early coats of arms is not clear. Through the wedding of Ludwig's son Otto II to Agnes von der Pfalz in May 1222, the Palatinate lion came from the coat of arms of the Welfen to the Wittelsbach family. In 1229/30 he can be recognized for the first time on a Bavarian Duke seal of Otto II, golden, in black field and red, but uncrowned. The first surviving depiction of a red-crowned lion dates from 1252. When the Counts of Bogen died out, their possessions and the coat of arms with the white and blue wake-up passed to the Wittelsbach family. Ludwig der Strenge continued the diamond shield in the Duchy of Upper Bavaria, from 1289 he also used Palatinate lions.

c. 1524

Artist

Anonymus

Historical Description

The existence of a Bavarian tribal duchy has been documented since 555, which became part of the Frankish domain under the Merovingians. From 1180 to 1918 Bavaria was ruled by the Wittelsbachers as a territorial duchy. Bavaria experienced a period of numerous divisions into individual duchies from 1255 to 1503. Shortly before the first reunification, Ludwig IV. In 1328 became the first Wittelsbacher to become emperor, which meant a new high point in power for Bavaria. At the same time, however, the prince-archbishopric of Salzburg finally separated from the mother country Bavaria. In 1429, after the Straubing-Holland line became extinct, the Duchy of Bavaria-Straubing was divided between the Munich, Ingolstadt and Landshut lines. In 1447, Bavaria-Ingolstadt fell to Bavaria-Landshut, which in turn was won by Bavaria-Munich in the War of Succession in Landshut in 1503. The division of the country came to an end through the Primogenitur Act of Duke Albrecht IV of 1506. Bavaria took a leading position in the Counter-Reformation and emerged from the Thirty Years' War with territorial gains and the rise to the Electorate. In 1620, the troops of the Catholic League, under the leadership of the Bavarian general Tilly, defeated the Protestants in the Battle of the White Mountains near Prague. Then Tilly had the Palatinate occupied. As a thank you, Maximilian I received the electoral title in 1623 and the Upper Palatinate he occupied as war compensation in 1628. After the war, Elector Ferdinand Maria devoted himself to the reconstruction of the devastated country and pursued a cautious neutrality policy. During the War of the Spanish and Austrian Succession and in the course of Maximilian II. Emanuel's great power policy and later his son Karl Albrecht, Austria was twice temporarily occupied by absolutist Bavaria. In 1705 the Bavarian people rose against the imperial occupation. Only the battle of Aidenbach on January 8, 1706 ended with the complete defeat of the popular uprising. After Karl Albrecht's coronation, large parts of the electorate were occupied again until 1744. Karl Albrecht's son Maximilian III. Joseph finally ended the great power policy of his predecessors in 1745 and devoted himself to internal reforms. After the extinction of the old Bavarian line of the Wittelsbacher, the double electorate of Kurpfalz-Bavaria was created in 1777 under the reign of the Elector Karl Theodor from the Palatinate line of the Wittelsbacher. At the time of Napoleon, Bavaria was initially on the side of France and was able to record large territorial gains through secularization and mediatization. Salzburg, Tyrol, Vorarlberg and the Innviertel region, which was lost in 1779, fell temporarily to Bavaria. In the Peace of Pressburg, which was concluded on December 26, 1805 between France and the German Emperor Franz II, Bavaria, allied with Napoleon, was proclaimed a kingdom. King Max I. Joseph's Minister Maximilian Graf von Montgelas is considered the creator of the modern Bavarian state. In 1806 Napoleon Bonaparte elevated Bavaria to a kingdom. At the Vienna Congress in 1814, Bavaria was able to retain a large part of the area's profits as a victorious power, including what was now northern Bavaria, parts of Swabia and the Palatinate. In 1918 the Wittelsbach monarchy collapsed in the November Revolution. King Ludwig I, who had ruled since 1825, developed the Bavarian capital Munich into an art and university city. After the occupation by American troops, Bavaria became part of the newly founded Federal Republic in 1949.