Beschlossenen Friedens=Unterschreibung in Nürnberg den 26. 16. Juny 1650.

Title

Beschlossenen Friedens=Unterschreibung in Nürnberg den 26. 16. Juny 1650.

Description

The castle in the Ritterstube Nürnberg with all 45 Members present, when signing the contract of the Peace of Westphalia and discussing about unsolved problems. It was a series of peace treaties signed between May and October 1648 in the Westphalian cities of Osnabrück and Münster, effectively ending the European wars of religion. These treaties ended the Thirty Years' War. in the Holy Roman Empire, between the Habsburgs and their catholic allies and the protestant and catholic Anti-Habsburg allies and the Eighty Years' War between Spain and the Dutch Republic, with Spain formally recognizing the independence of the Dutch Republic. The Peace of Westphalia established the precedent of peaces established by diplomatic congress, and a new system of political order in central Europe, later called Westphalian sovereignty, based upon the concept of co-existing sovereign states. As European influence spread across the globe, these Westphalian principles, especially the concept of sovereign states, became central to international law and to the prevailing world order.

ca. 1652

Artist

Merian (1593-1650)

Matthäus Merian (1593 – 1650) , born in Basel, learned the art of copperplate engraving in Zurich and subsequently worked and studied in Strasbourg, Nancy, and Paris, before returning to Basel in 1615. The following year he moved to Frankfurt, Germany where he worked for the publisher Johann Theodor de Bry. He married his daughter, Maria Magdalena 1617. In 1620 they moved back to Basel, only to return three years later to Frankfurt, where Merian took over the publishing house of his father-in-law after de Bry's death in 1623. In 1626 he became a citizen of Frankfurt and could henceforth work as an independent publisher. He is the father of Maria Sibylla Merian, who later published her the famous and wellknown studies of flowers, insects and butterflies.

Historical Description

Nuremberg is an independent city in the administrative district of Middle Franconia in the Free State of Bavaria. When the city was founded is not handed down, it could have been between 1000 and 1040 in the course of securing the border area between Saxony, Bavaria, East Franconia and Bohemia at the intersection of important roads. With the Great Letter of Freedom, King Frederick II made Nuremberg a Free Imperial City in 1219. Many emperors liked to choose Nuremberg as their place of residence, including Charles IV, who issued the Golden Bull in Nuremberg in 1356. In 1423, King Sigismund gave the imperial regalia to the city, which kept them until the beginning of the 19th century. The years between 1470 and 1530 are generally considered the city's heyday - despite recurring feuds and conflicts with knights such as Götz von Berlichingen and Conz Schott von Schottenstein, which were, however, stopped after 1512 by the army of the Franconian Imperial Circle. Many emperors liked to choose Nuremberg as a place to stay, including Charles IV, who issued the Golden Bull in Nuremberg in 1356. In 1423, King Sigismund gave the imperial regalia to the city, which kept them until the beginning of the 19th century. The years between 1470 and 1530 are generally considered the city's heyday - despite recurring feuds and conflicts with knights such as Götz von Berlichingen and Conz Schott von Schottenstein, which were, however, stopped after 1512 by the army of the Franconian Imperial Circle. The wealth of the city came from the excellent craftsmanship as well as the favorable location as a trading center in the middle of Europe. During the Thirty Years' War, the area around Nuremberg was the scene of a war of position between the warring parties that lasted for several years. In 1792, the Kunstverein Nuremberg, Germany's first art association, was founded. From 1796 to 1806, after pressure from the Prussian administration in neighboring Ansbach, Nuremberg finally submitted to Prussian rule. The treaty was not executed because Prussia was deterred by Nuremberg's debts. In 1803, Nuremberg nevertheless initially continued to remain independent until French troops occupied Nuremberg after the signing of the Treaty of the Confederation of the Rhine and the end of the Old Empire.In 1806, the French army finally handed the city over to the Kingdom of Bavaria, which immediately installed a civil administration and administratively incorporated the city into the kingdom. In 1806, the Kingdom of Bavaria took over the exorbitant debts of the Imperial City of Nuremberg as part of the overall Bavarian national debt and thus ensured their consolidation and repayment. With Count Montgelas in 1817, Nuremberg again received its own magistrate and mayor in May 1818.