Bayern von Stumpf / Bayern. Ein geographisch-statistisch-historisches Handbuch des Königreiches.

Title

Bayern von Stumpf / Bayern. Ein geographisch-statistisch-historisches Handbuch des Königreiches.

Description

A comprehensive handbook of Bavaria, with numerous also rare town views, arranged by district courts, on 1088 pages with title page and heraldic representations. Author Pleickhard Stumpf. The Geographisch-statistisch-historische Handbuch des Königreiches Bayern is a two-volume encyclopedia written by Pleikard Stumpf and published in 1852 and 1853, respectively. The full title is "Bayern. A geographical-statistical-historical handbook of the kingdom. For the Bavarian People." The page numbering is consecutive. In the main, the work consists of a description of the governmental districts with their respective immediate towns and county courts and some "curious" places contained therein (pp. 49-1040). This is preceded by a short treatise on the Kingdom of Bavaria (pp. 5-34) and a list of the Bavarian regents (pp. 35-48). At the end there is an index of places (pp. 1041-1088). The governmental districts are treated in the order Upper Bavaria, Lower Bavaria, Palatinate, Upper Palatinate, Upper Franconia, Middle Franconia, Lower Franconia, Swabia. The scheme of the approx. 10-page descriptions is always identical. Brief outline of the prehistory of the administrative district. Geo- and topographic data (location, land area and use, mountains, waters and climate). Economy and infrastructure (agriculture, commerce, industry and transportation). Population (number of inhabitants, number of families, religious affiliation, number of conscripted men). Administrative bodies (district courts, rent offices, building inspectorates, forestry offices). The immediate towns and county courts of the administrative district in alphabetical order. The descriptions, about 3 to 4 pages long, in turn have the same scheme, but only stich punktartig. This is followed by individual "odd" places with a historical outline and information on the number of inhabitants and residential buildings. At the end, the remaining municipalities are listed in bullet points with the number of inhabitants and residential buildings.

ca. 1852

Artist

Stumpf (1807-1877)

Pleikard Joseph Stumpf (1807-1877) was a German administrative lawyer and archivist in Bavaria. Pleikard Joseph Stumpf was the son of Andreas Sebastian Stumpf, who later became Regierungsdirektor zu Würzburg. He studied law at the Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg and from 1826 at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. In 1827 he became active with Karl Gustav Geib in the short-lived Corps Arminia Munich. After completing his studies, he worked at the Würzburg District Court. In 1832 he changed to the archives service and in 1843 came to the archives of the Bavarian Parliament in Munich as a state parliament archivist. In addition to various writings on Bavarian personalities and communities, he published two major works on the history of Bavaria: Bayern. A Geographical-Statistical-Historical Handbook of the Kingdom and a collection of biographies of well-known Bavarians. This work was produced on the basis of a request made by the Historical Commission of the Bavarian Academy, and by Maximilian II. Joseph (Bavaria) in 1860, which Stumpf received for his concept.

Historical Description

The existence of a Bavarian tribal duchy has been documented since 555, which became part of the Frankish domain under the Merovingians. From 1180 to 1918 Bavaria was ruled by the Wittelsbachers as a territorial duchy. Bavaria experienced a period of numerous divisions into individual duchies from 1255 to 1503. Shortly before the first reunification, Ludwig IV. In 1328 became the first Wittelsbacher to become emperor, which meant a new high point in power for Bavaria. At the same time, however, the prince-archbishopric of Salzburg finally separated from the mother country Bavaria. In 1429, after the Straubing-Holland line became extinct, the Duchy of Bavaria-Straubing was divided between the Munich, Ingolstadt and Landshut lines. In 1447, Bavaria-Ingolstadt fell to Bavaria-Landshut, which in turn was won by Bavaria-Munich in the War of Succession in Landshut in 1503. The division of the country came to an end through the Primogenitur Act of Duke Albrecht IV of 1506. Bavaria took a leading position in the Counter-Reformation and emerged from the Thirty Years' War with territorial gains and the rise to the Electorate. In 1620, the troops of the Catholic League, under the leadership of the Bavarian general Tilly, defeated the Protestants in the Battle of the White Mountains near Prague. Then Tilly had the Palatinate occupied. As a thank you, Maximilian I received the electoral title in 1623 and the Upper Palatinate he occupied as war compensation in 1628. After the war, Elector Ferdinand Maria devoted himself to the reconstruction of the devastated country and pursued a cautious neutrality policy. During the War of the Spanish and Austrian Succession and in the course of Maximilian II. Emanuel's great power policy and later his son Karl Albrecht, Austria was twice temporarily occupied by absolutist Bavaria. In 1705 the Bavarian people rose against the imperial occupation. Only the battle of Aidenbach on January 8, 1706 ended with the complete defeat of the popular uprising. After Karl Albrecht's coronation, large parts of the electorate were occupied again until 1744. Karl Albrecht's son Maximilian III. Joseph finally ended the great power policy of his predecessors in 1745 and devoted himself to internal reforms. After the extinction of the old Bavarian line of the Wittelsbacher, the double electorate of Kurpfalz-Bavaria was created in 1777 under the reign of the Elector Karl Theodor from the Palatinate line of the Wittelsbacher. At the time of Napoleon, Bavaria was initially on the side of France and was able to record large territorial gains through secularization and mediatization. Salzburg, Tyrol, Vorarlberg and the Innviertel region, which was lost in 1779, fell temporarily to Bavaria. In the Peace of Pressburg, which was concluded on December 26, 1805 between France and the German Emperor Franz II, Bavaria, allied with Napoleon, was proclaimed a kingdom. King Max I. Joseph's Minister Maximilian Graf von Montgelas is considered the creator of the modern Bavarian state. In 1806 Napoleon Bonaparte elevated Bavaria to a kingdom. At the Vienna Congress in 1814, Bavaria was able to retain a large part of the area's profits as a victorious power, including what was now northern Bavaria, parts of Swabia and the Palatinate. In 1918 the Wittelsbach monarchy collapsed in the November Revolution. King Ludwig I, who had ruled since 1825, developed the Bavarian capital Munich into an art and university city. After the occupation by American troops, Bavaria became part of the newly founded Federal Republic in 1949.