Amerikanische Frauenjury in einem Mordproceß im Wyoming-Territorium

Title

Amerikanische Frauenjury in einem Mordproceß im Wyoming-Territorium

Picture shows an American women's jury in a murder trial in Wyoming Territory, USA.

ca. 1860

Artist

Anonymus

Historical Description

The concept of law and justice dates back to the early advanced civilizations – such as ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Rome. Already in the Roman Empire, there were trained legal scholars (iuris consulti) who systematized and influenced private law – Roman law continues to shape many legal systems to this day. The judiciary includes the state institutions responsible for administering justice, namely courts and judges. It developed when rulers began to centralize the resolution of disputes, rather than leaving them to local customs or vigilante justice. In the Middle Ages, law was heavily influenced by religion and political power. It was only during the Enlightenment (17th–18th century) that the idea of a neutral rule of law became stronger – with independent courts, written legal codes, and the principle that "all are equal before the law."