Buda, vulgo Ofen, prima et regia Ungarici

Title

Buda, vulgo Ofen, prima et regia Ungarici

Map shows the whole of Budapest on the Danube with the old Hungarian coat of arms. On the back there is a picture of Kriechißes Wyssenburg (City of Belgrade).

ca. 1545

Artist

Münster (1489-1552)

Sebastian Münster (1489–1552) was a leading Renaissance cosmographer. His most famous work, the Cosmographia (1544), was a comprehensive description of the world with 24 maps, based on research dating back to 1528. Continuously revised, the 1550 edition already included many new maps. It was the first scientific yet accessible world description published in German, illustrated with numerous woodcuts by artists such as Hans Holbein the Younger. Between 1544 and 1650, the Cosmographia appeared in 46 editions (27 in German) and was translated into several languages. Münster’s work combined the knowledge of scholars, artists, and travelers and remained influential long after his death.

Historical Description

The Hungarians, who later became Christianized and settled, lived in villages with churches and farmed and raised cattle. Pest became more and more important in the center of important traffic routes. Already at this time there was a lively ferry traffic across the Danube (around today's Elisabeth Bridge) to the opposite Buda. With the coronation of Stephen I around 1000 as the first king of Hungary, the Hungarians expanded their dominance. The Mongol invasion in 1241 almost completely destroyed the Battle of Muhi. The royal residence was first relocated to Visegrád. The city was renewed in 1308 and capital of the kingdom in 1361. A peasant uprising took place in 1514. From 1446 the Ottomans repeatedly attacked Hungary, which culminated in the occupation of most of the country. So Pest fell in 1526 and Buda protected by the castle, 15 years later. The capital of the still unoccupied Hungary, which consisted almost entirely of Upper Hungary (essentially the area of today's Slovakia), was from 1536 to 1784 Bratislava (Bratislava). While Buda became the seat of a Turkish pasha, Pest received little attention. Finally, the Habsburgs, who had been Kings of Hungary since 1526, succeeded in driving out the Ottomans and restoring Hungary. Pest was the seat of the administrative administration of the kingdom since 1723. One of the main reasons for the boom in Budapest was the existence of a bridge in summer, which consisted of boats attached to each other. The chain bridge (Hungarian Széchenyi Lánchíd) spans the Danube here in Budapest. It was built between 1839 and 1849 as the first fixed bridge at the suggestion of the Hungarian reformer Count István Széchenyi.The merging of Buda, Óbuda and Pest had already been enacted under the Hungarian revolutionary government in 1849.